@article{oai:kitami-it.repo.nii.ac.jp:00007215,
 author = {Kojima, Shinsuke and Kawamura, Toshiyuki and Enomoto, Hiroyuki},
 journal = {Polar Meteorology and Glaciology},
 month = {Nov},
 note = {In order to understand the transition in sea ice, snow transformation, and temperature variations, we carried out tank experiments in a cold room. In the melting experiment of bare ice, the transition of the condition of the ice surface was observed through visual observations and reflectance measurements. The first change was manifested in the surface becoming wet and acquiring a rough texture. Subsequently, a porous layer was formed under the ice surface. Since this layer scattered the incident light, it appeared as a bright surface. The reflectance of this surface was high as compared with that measured during the initial stages of melting.  However, this thin scattering layer disappeared as the melting progressed. As a result, the reflectance was reduced to its value during the initial stage of melting. In the melting experiments on snow covered sea ice, the structure of snow-ice become porous and mechanically weak before the thickness reduction commenced. The temperature gradients of bare ice and snow covers ice were small during the melting process compared to those during the growth period., application/pdf},
 pages = {108--119},
 title = {Preliminary study of the transition of sea ice during the melting process},
 volume = {19},
 year = {2005}
}