{"created":"2022-09-28T07:07:44.329865+00:00","id":2000328,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"4870561d-de0d-4fcf-8a63-84443045339c"},"_deposit":{"created_by":15,"id":"2000328","owner":"15","owners":[15],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"2000328"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:kitami-it.repo.nii.ac.jp:02000328","sets":["1"]},"author_link":[],"control_number":"2000328","item_1646810750418":{"attribute_name":"出版タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_resource":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85","subitem_version_type":"VoR"}]},"item_3_biblio_info_186":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2019","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicPageEnd":"7254","bibliographicPageStart":"7233","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"19","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics","bibliographic_titleLang":"en"}]}]},"item_3_description_184":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"Abstract. Constraints from ozone (O3) observations over\noceans are needed in addition to those from terrestrial regions\nto fully understand global tropospheric chemistry and\nits impact on the climate. Here, we provide a large data set of\nozone and carbon monoxide (CO) levels observed (for 11 666\nand 10 681 h, respectively) over oceans. The data set is derived\nfrom observations made during 24 research cruise legs\nof R/V Mirai during 2012 to 2017, in the Southern, Indian,\nPacific, and Arctic oceans, covering the region from 67 S\nto 75 N. The data are suitable for critical evaluation of the\nover-ocean distribution of ozone derived from global atmospheric\nchemistry models. We first give an overview of the\nstatistics in the data set and highlight key features in terms\nof geographical distribution and air mass type. We then use\nthe data set to evaluate ozone mixing ratio fields from the\ntropospheric chemistry reanalysis version 2 (TCR-2), produced\nby assimilating a suite of satellite observations of\nmultiple species into a global atmospheric chemistry model,\nnamely CHASER. For long-range transport of polluted air\nmasses from continents to the oceans, during which the effects\nof forest fires and fossil fuel combustion were recognized,\nTCR-2 gave an excellent performance in reproducing\nthe observed temporal variations and photochemical buildup\nof O3 when assessed from 1O3=1CO ratios. For clean marine\nconditions with low and stable CO mixing ratios, two\nfocused analyses were performed. The first was in the Arctic\n(> 70 N) in September every year from 2013 to 2016;\nTCR-2 underpredicted O3 levels by 6.7 ppbv (21 %) on average.\nThe observed vertical profiles from O3 soundings from\nR/V Mirai during September 2014 had less steep vertical\ngradients at low altitudes (> 850 hPa) than those obtained\nby TCR-2. This suggests the possibility of a more efficient\ndescent of the O3-rich air from above than assumed in the\nmodels. For TCR-2 (CHASER), dry deposition on the Arctic\nocean surface might also have been overestimated. In the\nsecond analysis, over the western Pacific equatorial region\n(125–165 E, 10 S to 25 N), the observed O3 level more\nfrequently decreased to less than 10 ppbv in comparison to\nthat obtained with TCR-2 and also those obtained in most\nof the Atmospheric Chemistry Climate Model Intercompari-\nson Project (ACCMIP) model runs for the decade from 2000.\nThese results imply loss processes that are unaccounted for\nin the models. We found that the model’s positive bias positively\ncorrelated with the daytime residence times of air\nmasses over a particular grid, namely 165–180 E and 15–\n30 N; an additional loss rate of 0.25 ppbv h􀀀1 in the grid best\nexplained the gap. Halogen chemistry, which is commonly\nomitted from currently used models, might be active in this\nregion and could have contributed to additional losses. Our\nopen data set covering wide ocean regions is complementary\nto the Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report data set,\nwhich basically comprises ground-based observations and\nenables a fully global study of the behavior of O3.","subitem_description_language":"en","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_3_publisher_212":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"European Geosciences Union","subitem_publisher_language":"en"}]},"item_3_relation_191":{"attribute_name":"DOI","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_relation_type_id":{"subitem_relation_type_id_text":"https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-7233-2019","subitem_relation_type_select":"DOI"}}]},"item_3_rights_192":{"attribute_name":"権利","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_rights":"© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.","subitem_rights_language":"en"}]},"item_3_select_195":{"attribute_name":"著者版フラグ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_select_item":"publisher","subitem_select_language":"en"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Yugo Kanaya","creatorNameLang":"en"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Kazuyuki Miyazaki","creatorNameLang":"en"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Fumikazu Taketani","creatorNameLang":"en"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Takuma Miyakawa","creatorNameLang":"en"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Hisahiro Takashima","creatorNameLang":"en"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Yuichi Komazaki","creatorNameLang":"en"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Xiaole Pan","creatorNameLang":"en"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Saki Kato","creatorNameLang":"en"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Kengo Sudo","creatorNameLang":"en"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Takashi Sekiya","creatorNameLang":"en"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Jun Inoue","creatorNameLang":"en"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Kazutoshi Sato","creatorNameLang":"en"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Kazuhiro Oshima","creatorNameLang":"en"}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_access","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2022-09-28"}],"filename":"acp-19-7233-2019.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"7.3 MB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_0","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"url":"https://kitami-it.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/2000328/files/acp-19-7233-2019.pdf"},"version_id":"58abec13-04eb-4cf2-bfde-2c38743230a6"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"eng"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"journal article","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"Ozone and carbon monoxide observations over open oceans on R/V Mirai from 67 S to 75 N during 2012 to 2017: testing global chemical reanalysis in terms of Arctic processes, low ozone levels at low latitudes, and pollution transport","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"Ozone and carbon monoxide observations over open oceans on R/V Mirai from 67 S to 75 N during 2012 to 2017: testing global chemical reanalysis in terms of Arctic processes, low ozone levels at low latitudes, and pollution transport","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"3","owner":"15","path":["1"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"PubDate","attribute_value":"2022-09-28"},"publish_date":"2022-09-28","publish_status":"0","recid":"2000328","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["Ozone and carbon monoxide observations over open oceans on R/V Mirai from 67 S to 75 N during 2012 to 2017: testing global chemical reanalysis in terms of Arctic processes, low ozone levels at low latitudes, and pollution transport"],"weko_creator_id":"15","weko_shared_id":3},"updated":"2022-12-13T02:25:09.840535+00:00"}