@article{oai:kitami-it.repo.nii.ac.jp:02000233,
 issue = {8},
 journal = {Symmetry},
 month = {Aug},
 note = {This article addresses virtual and physical prototyping of some symmetrical patterns
collected from the Ainu cultural heritage. The indigenous people living in the northern part of
Japan (e.g., Hokkaido), known as Ainu, often decorate their houses, clothing, ornaments, utensils,
and spiritual goods using some unique patterns. The patterns carry their identity as well as their
sense of aesthetics. Nowadays, dierent kinds of souvenirs and cultural artifacts crafted with Ainu
patterns are cherished by many individuals in Japan and abroad. Thus, the Ainu patterns carry both
cultural and commercial significance. A great deal of craftsmanship is needed to produce the Ainu
patterns precisely. There is a lack of human resources having such craftsmanship. It will remain
the same in the foreseeable future. Thus, there is a pressing need to preserve such craftsmanship.
Digital manufacturing technology can be used to preserve the Ainu pattern-making craftsmanship.
Fromthis perspective, this article presents a methodology to create both virtual and physical prototypes
of Ainu patterns using digital manufacturing technology. In particular, a point cloud-based approach
was adopted to model the patterns. A point cloud representing a pattern was then used to create a
virtual prototype of the pattern in the form of a solid CAD model. The triangulation data of each
solid CAD model were then used to run a 3D printer to produce a physical prototype (replica of
the pattern). The virtual and physical prototypes of both basic (Hokkaido) Ainu motifs and some
synthesized patterns were reproduced using the presented methodology. The findings of this study
will help those who want to digitize the craftsmanship of culturally significant artifacts without using
a 3D scanner or image processing.},
 title = {Symmetrical Patterns of Ainu Heritage and Their Virtual and Physical Prototyping},
 volume = {11},
 year = {2019}
}