{"created":"2022-05-25T04:54:39.471329+00:00","id":2000232,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"8664ec32-1baf-41fd-8a01-f4d5e91b59fc"},"_deposit":{"created_by":15,"id":"2000232","owner":"15","owners":[15],"owners_ext":{"displayname":"北見工業大学学術機関リポジトリ（KIT-R）","username":"kitir"},"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"2000232"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:kitami-it.repo.nii.ac.jp:02000232","sets":["1:87"]},"author_link":[],"item_1646810750418":{"attribute_name":"出版タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_resource":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85","subitem_version_type":"VoR"}]},"item_3_biblio_info_186":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2020-08","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicIssueNumber":"2","bibliographicPageStart":"e12217","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"8","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"Engineering Reports","bibliographic_titleLang":"en"}]}]},"item_3_description_184":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"Industry 4.0 relevant systems (eg, cyber-physical systems, digital twins, and\nalike) need digitized knowledge to function. Before digitizing knowledge, a fundamental\nquestion arises: What is knowledge? In order to answer this question,\nthis study first reviews the definitions of knowledge found in the extant literature\nof epistemology, engineering design, manufacturing, organization science,\ninformation science, and education science. Since the definitions reported so far\nare not succinct and suffer circularity, this study overcomes this by introducing\na three-element-based definition of knowledge—a piece knowledge consists\nof three elements defined as claim, provenance, and inference. This results\nin four types of knowledge defined as definitional, deductive, inductive, and\ncreative knowledge, and each type of knowledge is again divided into some\ncategories. Some real-life scenarios relevant to engineering design and manufacturing\nare used to clarify the proposed knowledge types/categories; the relevant\npieces of knowledge are represented by knowledge graphs (concept maps) for\nthe sake of digitization. The myriad proximal and distal relationships between\nknowledge and other relevant entities (human/machine learning, logical inferences,\nexperimental data, analytical results, creative thinking, and cognitive\nreflections) become succinct and transparent due to the proposed definition of\nknowledge. Consequently, this study establishes the fundamentals of developing\nsophisticated methods and tools for the advancement of Industry 4.0.","subitem_description_language":"en","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_3_publisher_212":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","subitem_publisher_language":"en"}]},"item_3_relation_191":{"attribute_name":"DOI","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_relation_type_id":{"subitem_relation_type_id_text":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.12217","subitem_relation_type_select":"DOI"}}]},"item_3_rights_192":{"attribute_name":"権利","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_rights":"This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. © 2020 The Authors. Engineering Reports published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","subitem_rights_language":"en"}]},"item_3_select_195":{"attribute_name":"著者版フラグ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_select_item":"publisher","subitem_select_language":"en"}]},"item_3_source_id_187":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"2577-8196","subitem_source_identifier_type":"EISSN"}]},"item_access_right":{"attribute_name":"アクセス権","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_access_right":"open access","subitem_access_right_uri":"http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"AMM Sharif Ullah","creatorNameLang":"en"}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_access","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2022-05-25"}],"filename":"Engineering Reports - 2020 - Ullah - What is knowledge in Industry 4 0.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"2.9 MB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_0","url":{"url":"https://kitami-it.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/2000232/files/Engineering Reports - 2020 - Ullah - What is knowledge in Industry 4 0.pdf"},"version_id":"bc15bfc7-783f-4559-b834-2afb837e3d5e"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"eng"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"journal article","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"What is knowledge in Industry 4.0?","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"What is knowledge in Industry 4.0?","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"3","owner":"15","path":["87"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"PubDate","attribute_value":"2022-05-25"},"publish_date":"2022-05-25","publish_status":"0","recid":"2000232","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["What is knowledge in Industry 4.0?"],"weko_creator_id":"15","weko_shared_id":3},"updated":"2022-12-13T02:24:39.724715+00:00"}